The present invention relates to a process for producing ethylene glycol from ethylene oxide wherein ethylene oxide in a gas resulting from oxidation of ethylene is absorbed in a specific absorbing solution, is allowed to react with carbon dioxide, converted into ethylene carbonate, and then subjected to hydrolysis to produce ethylene glycol. Green ethylene can be produced by the dehydration of ethanol, which can be produced from renewable feedstocks such as sugarcane and corn. Ethylene oxide is a colorless liquid or gas with a faint etherlike odor, which is reactive due to the highly strained, threemember ring structure. Ethylene oxide studies on mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Dynamic simulation and optimization for the startup operation of an ethylene oxide plant. Employing process profit as objective function the optimal operating conditions were found to be. Pdf modelling and optimisation of an industrial ethylene oxide. Eo sterilization assures that a safe and sterile product will be delivered to the market each and every time. It is intended to provide general information to persons who may handle or store ethylene oxide. Ethylene oxide product stewardship guidance manual, third edition.
In the production of ethylene oxide, ethylene and oxygen reacts over a silver catalyst. Ethylene is a raw material for the manufacture of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride pvc, ethylene oxide and other products. Explore this journal explore this journal previous article in issue. Process simulation, analysis and optimization of a coal to. But nowadays it is mainly prepared by direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen on silver based catalyst. There are many advantages to understanding an ethylene oxide eo or eto sterilization process when considering the different sterilization options. The reaction is exothermic and eo is recovered from the gas stream, purified and stored. Ethylene oxide and ethylene glycol specialty scale metal organics, trimethyl gallium, trimethyl indium. The production of ethanolamines from ethylene oxide and ammonia is shown herecaption the process the following paragraphs describe a process for ethanolamines production. The purpose of this project was to design an ethylene oxide eo separation process to yield 99.
Thermal stability and deflagration of ethylene oxide. Because it is a strained ring, ethylene oxide easily participates in a number of addition reactions that. The raw material is ethylene, which may be assumed to be pure. Ethylene oxide was first produced in the united states in 1921. Ethylene and polyethylene chlorine and caustic ethylene oxide and ethylene glycol specialty scale metal organics, trimethyl gallium, trimethyl indium oled materials chemical mechanical planarization products, photoresists. Design and optimize ethylene oxide production plant. Conventional production of ethylene glycol uses ethylene from fossil fuels to make ethylene oxide. Conventional production of ethylene glycol uses ethylene from fossil fuels to make ethylene oxide, which is then hydrolyzed to ethylene glycol. The ethylene oxide product stewardship guidance manual was prepared by the american chemistry councils ethylene oxideethylene glycols panel panel. The ethylene oxide sterilization process control should take into account several parameters, so that only the biological monitor can integrate in all of them, presenting a biological challenge similar to the product under sterilization conditions.
The ethylene oxide units are equipped with advanced process control, gas detection and emergency shutdown systems. Anatomy of an ethylene oxide sterilization process. Ethylene oxide material balances, energy balances, numerical methods, and optimization material balances pdf blank the following faculty have participated in these integrated projects. An overview of exposures and exposure control in the ethylene oxide producer and ethoxylation industries. Ethylene glycol eg is an important industrial material, with its largest use as a component 27% by weight in a 28 million tonyr polyethylene terephthalate pet market1. Here, ethylene oxide is obtained as the overhead product, whereas the bottom product obtained is known as the glycol bleed. In this work, the alternative process technology in reactor and separation units of ethylene glycol plant is investigated in aspen. Anatomy of an ethylene oxide sterilization process techtip. The aqueous stream resulting from the above scrubbing process is then sent to the ethylene oxide desorber. Desorption of ethylene oxide from the solution in the desorber and stripping of its lowboiling components. Ethylene glycol process mitsubishi chemical corporation. The first step in the production of ethylene is to take the feedstock and crack it into ethylene and other various products in a. Ethylene oxide sterilization for medical devices fda. Renewable ethyleneproduction alternatives have begun to emerge in this context.
Pdf modelling and optimisation of an industrial ethylene. A simulation model of a reactor for ethylene oxide production. As a part of the chemical industrys responsible management of its products, the ethylene oxide panel ethylene oxide safety task group stg, a group comprised of producers and industrial users, developed the ethylene oxide product stewardship manual 3rd edition. Ethylene glycol from hydration of the ethylene oxide. Experimental data are presented for thermal decomposition limits, autoignition temperature and minimum ignition energy. The course provides an excellent opportunity to develop a working knowledge that can promote efficient, reliable and troublefree operation as well as a complete. Biofilter response to upsets in process conditions. Global concerns about sustainability and global warming have prompted the chemical industry to develop production routes for ethylene that utilize nonpetroleum resources. Optimal reaction concept and plant wide optimization 2. Ethylene oxide production ethylene oxide is a raw material that is used industrially for making many consumer products as well as nonconsumer chemicals and intermediates. In this paper, a rate equation of the hougenwatson type, reported by carrubba and spencer 18, is used. The model was used to optimise the performance of ethylene oxide reactor for maximising work rate and selectivity. Optimization of ethylene oxychlorination uidizedbed.
Us2032570a1 control and optimization of process for. It is not intended to serve as a substitute for indepth training or. A halfcycle, the minimum exposure to ethylene oxide which yields no surviving microorganisms with all process parameters except time remaining the same, demonstrates a 6 log reduction. Kinetics of ethylene oxidation on a supported silver catalyst. In its final product stream along with ethylene oxide many other impurities like formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, unconverted ethylene, water and other inert gases are. The process runs continuously using a recycled gas stream through the reactors driven by compressors, and. Production of ethylene oxide process description figure 1 is a preliminary process flow diagram pfd for the ethylene oxide production process. Modelling and optimisation of an industrial ethylene oxide.
The process involves exposing products to ethylene oxide gas under vacuum in a sealed chamber. The cteg process is complicated but mainly consists of a few basic units. The authors evaluated spore resistance on several different carriers. Paper open access sequential optimization of a water. Ethylene oxide is produced by a gas phase reaction of ethylene and oxygen over a fixed bed silverbased catalyst in multitubular reactors. The majority of ethylene is used in the production of ethylene oxide, ethylene dichloride, ethylbenzene, and a variety of homo and copolymers plastics ranging from plastic food wrap to impactabsorbing dashboards inside cars. Figure 1 is a preliminary process flow diagram pfd for the ethylene oxide production process. Us7851760b2 control and optimization of process for.
Ghg reductions lifecycle analysis lca 8 rtis technology enables co 2 from other sources to be utilized to produce ethylene oxide reduces co 2 emissions from conventional ethylene oxide process direct co 2 emissions of average plant are 150200 ktco 2yr consumes co 2 as a process feed gas. Optimal reaction concept and plant wide optimization of the. Until 1937, it was produced by the chlorohydrin process, in which ethylene was treated with hypochlorous acid to produce ethylene chlorohydrin, and calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide was used to convert ethylene chlorohydrin to ethylene oxide. Green ethylene production provided by intratec solutions. A dynamic model of an industrial packedbed multitubular reactor was developed to investigate performance of an industrial ethylene oxide eo reactor, conducting epoxidation of ethylene over a silverbased catalyst. The project is to design, and optimize ethylene oxide production plant with partial oxidization of oxygen using silver based catalyst. To unlock capacity increases economically, new capitalefficient processes, higherperformance catalysts and continuous process optimisation will be paramount. Ethylene oxide is also used as a sterilizing agent for medical equipment and a fumigating agent for spices. Hans rudolf dettwiler, alfons baiker, werner richarz. Ethylene oxide eo is an important chemical intermediate for the production of various chemical. Ethylene plantwide control and optimization ethylene is the largestvolume industrial bulk commodity in the world. Course content covered over 3 days provides comprehensive coverage of ethylene plant cracking furnaces with special emphasis on process operation, control, and troubleshooting. And a co2 recovery unit utilizing potassium carbonate. The process optimization focuses mainly on minimizing the number of stages and the overall dimension of the columns coupled with determining the most efficient reflux ratio to minimize utilities costs.
Mea and dea always yield salts if they are in the presence of organic acids. Optimal reaction concept and plant wide optimization of. Solubility of gases in ethylene oxide henry constants in mpa 22, 23 temperature, c solubility in ethylene oxide nitrogen argon methane ethane 0 284 169 62. Which processes benefit most from advanced control. The annual capacity for the plant is 611millions lbyr, while the designed hourly production rate is 73k lbhry.
Optimization of ethylene oxide absorber using aspen plus plant trial plan the lean absorbent flow to the absorber was reduced in a series of six incremental steps over a six day period. Ethylene oxide also known as eo or eto processing is widely used for the sterilization of healthcare devices and instruments. Ethylene oxide hydration route also produces small amount of the di, tri and higher glycols as co products, and these have established their own uses and markets. Ethylene oxide was first reported in 1859 as being prepared from the reaction of potassium hydroxide on ethylene chlorohydrins. Paper open access sequential optimization of a waterbased. Ethylene oxide is a colorless and flammable gas with a faintly sweet odor. The production of ethanolamines from ethylene oxide and ammonia is shown herecaption the process the following paragraphs describe a process for ethanolamines production from ethylene oxide and ammonia. Locating and estimating sources of ethylene oxide epa. Oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide industrial. A knowledge of the process may prevent unnecessary product testing or may identify product changes which may be required prior to attempting to sterilize with eo. The variables and their relevance on process optimization are described, the types of processing cycles are detailed and emphasis is given to the design and validation of the sterilization process.
The invention pertains to a method for controlling the limiting oxygen value lov of a reactor for producing ethylene oxide using a tunable diode laser. Some initiating causes of ethylene oxide decomposition are examined. In this work, the alternative processtechnology in reactor and separation units of ethylene glycol plant is investigated in aspen. Process modeling and optimization of industrial ethylene oxide. Ethylene oxide gas sterilization of medical devices. The ethylene oxide process is an excellent example where optimization of the economics must be considered together with safety and sustainability aspects arising from the explosion limits and the large co 2 emission of the process, respectively. The first step in the production of ethylene is to take the feedstock and crack it into ethylene and other various products in a furnace. For many medical devices, sterilization with ethylene oxide may be the only method that effectively sterilizes and does not damage the device during the sterilization process.
For one ton ethylene glycol ethylene 1800 lb air 19000 lb silver 0. The acute shortterm effects of ethylene oxide in humans consist mainly of central nervous. Physical properties of ethylene oxide at various temperatures 3, 24 temperature c. Final distillation with separation into water and ethylene oxide. Two additional halfcycle experiments are performed as confirmation. Consider that the ethylene oxide required is also produced in the same plant.
Optimization of chemical cleaning for removal of biofouling layer. Optimization of ethylene oxychlorination uidizedbed reactor. First we will consider the ethylene oxide hydration process then we will shift to other process alternatives. The set of nonlinear kinetic rate equations for the catalytic oxidation process in the presence of ethylene dichloride edc as a moderator was. Sep 01, 2019 mea and dea always yield salts if they are in the presence of organic acids. A full cycle, providing a 12 log reduction 106, is. Furnace the two primary feedstocks for ethylene production are naphtha and natural gas ethane, propane, butane, etc. Optimization of ethylene oxide absorber using aspen plus. This reaction rate model was based on the surface reaction of ethylene and oxygen, on the cucl2al2o3 based catalyst, to form an ethylene oxide intermediate as the rate.
Ethylene oxide is important or critical to the production of detergents, thickeners, solvents, plastics, and various organic chemicals such as ethylene glycol, ethanol amines. Ethanolderived ethylene is chemically identical to traditional ethylene, so downstream processing is equivalent. A flowsheet of the studied coal to ethylene glycol cteg process is shown in fig. Control and optimization of process for making ethylene oxide. Energy balances and numerical methods spring 2002 design. The mixed feed is heated, vaporized, and superheated in a heat. A method for controlling oxygen analyzer safety shutdown for a reactor for producing ethylene oxide using a tunable diode laser is also described. Process design and optimization for separation of ethylene. In addition to the site in stenungsund a new production site for ethylene amines and ethylene oxide has been built in ningbo, china. Medical devices ethylene oxide gas sterilization process design process validation.
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